Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis is a condition in which one vertebra in the spine slips out of its proper position onto the vertebra below it. The symptoms of spondylolisthesis vary depending on the severity of the condition, but some common symptoms include:
- Lower back pain: This is the most common symptom of spondylolisthesis. The pain may be felt in the lower back, buttocks, and/or thighs. The pain can range from mild to severe and may be aggravated by standing or walking for long periods.
- Muscle tightness or stiffness: The muscles in the affected area may feel tight or stiff, which can make it difficult to move or bend.
- Numbness or tingling: If the slipped vertebra compresses a nerve, it can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs or feet.
- Loss of bladder or bowel control: In severe cases, spondylolisthesis can put pressure on the nerves that control the bladder and bowel, leading to incontinence.
- Weakness in the legs: If the slipped vertebra compresses a nerve, it can cause weakness in the legs, making it difficult to stand or walk.
Spondylolisthesis can have several different causes, including:
- Congenital: Some people are born with spondylolisthesis due to a structural defect in their vertebrae.
- Traumatic: Spondylolisthesis can occur as a result of a fracture or injury to the spine.
- Degenerative: This is the most common type of spondylolisthesis, and it occurs due to wear and tear in the spine over time. It can be caused by conditions such as arthritis, disc degeneration, or spinal stenosis.
- Isthmic: This type of spondylolisthesis is caused by a defect or stress fracture in the pars interarticularis of the vertebra.
- Pathological: Spondylolisthesis can also occur due to a tumour or infection in the spine.
- Post-surgical: Spondylolisthesis can develop after a spinal surgery, particularly if there is a complication during the healing process.
The diagnosis of spondylolisthesis usually involves a combination of a physical examination, medical history review, and diagnostic imaging tests. Here are some common diagnostic methods:
- Physical exam: During a physical exam, the doctor will examine your spine for any signs of tenderness, deformity, or limited range of motion.
- Medical history review: Your doctor will ask about your symptoms, medical history, and any factors that may be contributing to your condition.
- X-rays: X-rays can show the alignment of the vertebrae and any potential fractures or defects.
- CT scan: A CT scan can provide a more detailed view of the spine than an X-ray, which can be helpful in diagnosing spondylolisthesis.
- MRI: An MRI can help identify any nerve compression or damage.
- Bone scan: A bone scan can help identify any areas of abnormal bone activity that may indicate spondylolisthesis.
The treatment for spondylolisthesis depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms that the patient is experiencing. Here are some common treatment options:
- Advanced non-surgical spinal decompression therapy helps to decompress the spinal nerves to relieve pain and improve function. This also helps in improving disc health and hydration.
- Pulsed Signal Repair Therapy helps to improve cellular function and promote healing in the body. It stimulates cellular metabolism and increases circulation, which can help to reduce pain and inflammation, improve tissue repair, and promote overall healing.
- Physical therapy: to strengthen muscles, improve flexibility, and correct posture. Spinal braces might also be advised.
- Medication: such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants to relieve pain and inflammation.
- Heat or cold therapy: to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.
- Lifestyle modifications: such as weight loss, regular exercise, and proper posture.